Classification and Application of Drilling Machines

Drilling rig is the main machine to complete drilling construction. It drives drilling tools and bits to drill deep into the stratum, and completes auxiliary work such as lifting down drilling tools and casing, extracting core and replacing drill bits by lifting machine on drilling rig. The main function of the pump is to deliver flushing fluid to the hole to clean the hole bottom, cool the drill bit and lubricate the drill tool. Geotechnical drilling projects have different purposes and construction objects, so there are many types of drilling rigs. Drilling rigs can be classified according to their uses, such as core drilling rigs, oil drilling rigs, hydrogeological survey and well drilling rigs, engineering geological exploration drilling rigs, tunnel drilling rigs and engineering construction drilling rigs. Drilling rigs can be divided into four categories according to drilling methods:

(1) Percussive drilling rig: wire rope percussive drilling rig and drill pipe percussive drilling rig.

(2) Rotary drilling rigs: vertical axis-hand feed, helical differential feed and hydraulic feed rigs; rotary disc-steel rope plus decompression rig, hydraulic cylinder plus decompression rig; mobile gyrator-full hydraulic power head type and mechanical power head type drilling rig.

(3) Vibration rig.

(4) Compound drilling rig: a drilling rig whose functions such as vibration, impact, rotation and static pressure are combined in different combinations.